Carotid Artery Stenosis:

Why early diagnosis saves lives

Carotid stenosis is a serious vascular condition in which the carotid arteries, which carry blood to the brain, narrow due to the buildup of atherosclerotic plaque. This condition can lead to reduced blood flow to the brain and increase the risk of a stroke.

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The importance of preventive screening

    Carotid stenosis often progresses without apparent symptoms, making preventive screening vital. Especially individuals over 65 or those with risk factors such as hypertension, high cholesterol, smoking, diabetes, or a family history of cardiovascular disease should undergo regular check-ups. A carotid ultrasound (triplex) is a simple, non-invasive, and painless procedure that can detect stenosis early.

    Symptoms to watch out for:

    Although stenosis is often asymptomatic, certain signs may indicate a problem:

    • Sudden numbness or weakness in the face, arm, or leg, especially on one side of the body.
    • Difficulty speaking or understanding speech.
    • Loss of vision in one eye or blurred vision.
    • Dizziness or loss of balance.

    If you experience any of these symptoms, it is essential to seek medical help immediately, as they may indicate a transient ischemic attack (TIA) or a stroke.

    Available invasive methods:

    The choice of appropriate treatment depends on the degree of stenosis and the presence of symptoms. The main invasive methods include:

    • Carotid Endarterectomy (CEA): A surgical procedure where the atherosclerotic plaque is removed from the carotid artery, restoring blood flow.
    • Angioplasty with Stenting: An endovascular procedure where a metal mesh (stent) is placed via a catheter to keep the artery open.

    The decision on the appropriate method is made after a detailed evaluation by the vascular surgeon, taking into account the degree of stenosis, symptoms, and the patient’s overall health.